Multistone hones



Feb. 7, 1956 H. R. cANFlELD MULTISTONE HONES Filed Sept. 17, 1954 IWENTOR.

n @N l i United States Patent MULTISTONE HONES Harry R. Canfield, cleveland Heights, ohio, ssignor to Lempco Products, Inc., Bedford, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application September 17, 1954, Serial No. 456,647

6 Claims. (Cl. 51-184.3) j

Jthe spindle, to expand or contract the diameter of the cylindrical abrading surface.

The hone hereof is of this general type.

As such hones have been applied to more and more uses, in the arts, demand has arisen for hones of smaller and smaller abrading diameter.

This has been met to some extent by providing two diametrically opposite shoes and` stones, and nesting or intermeshing or overlapping the shoes with a rectangular spindle to reduce the diameter of the parts radially inward ofthe stones; as shown for example in the patent of Jack F. Smole and Arthur Collier, No. 2,663,124.

Such two-stone hones can readily be made to dispose the stones equally distant from the axis of rotation and to require little truing up to a cylindrical surface, and in some arts such hones perform suiciently accurate.` and smooth operations.

However, in other arts, a higher degree of accuracy and refinement generally is demanded of the honing operation, than is possible with two stones; and can only be met by providing more than two stones to provide an abrading surface that is more nearly a complete cylinder.

This, however, introduces the problems of disposing all of the stones equally distant from the axis and of keeping the diameter of the cylindrical abrading surface down to the desired minimum in spite of the fact that the correspondingly greater number of stones and the more complex camming mechanism to operate them, must all be disposed in the space between the stones and the spindle; and that in any obvious arrangement, such mul- `tiplication of parts takes up more of that space.

One object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stone hone that solves these problems.

The hone of the present invention may be considered as a further development of the hone of the aforesaid patent. The spindle, instead of being rectangular, is formed from around stock; and has radially extending ribs or guides thereon, provided by cutting longitudinal grooves in the stock in the form of keyways and by guides -in the form of keys seated in the keyways; the keys being spaced circumferentially and parallel; each key constituting a guide for a channel form sheet metal stone carrying shoe; to guide it for both radial and longitudinal movement. v 'l A longitudinal series of cam followers-are provided-.on

each key, upon which cam surfaces on the shoes react to move the shoes apart radially and in unison or, alterna-` 2,733,557 Patented Feb. 7, 41956` faice 2 tively, to allow the shoes to be retracted inwardly, as the shoes are moved in alternate directions longitudinally and are concurrently held yieldably inward toward the spindle to keep the camming parts engaged. Y

The construction is particularly applicable to hones having a multiciplicity of stones, such as six or more, to solve the aforesaid problem; but the advantages may be had with fewer stones or with only two.

It is therefore among the objects of the invention to provide a construction of hone adaptable to comprise any desired number of stones and camming mechanisms in the minimum of dametrical space; and'which admits of cheap manufacture and assembly without sacrifice of accuracy of the honing operation performed thereby.

The aforesaid keyway and key feature of the construction, allows for ready removal and replacement of the keys, as well as of the stone carrying shoes, whereby after wear they may be readily removed and replaced by new ones; thus prolonging the life of the main part of the hone indefinitely. U

In the preferred form, the cam followers are in the form of pins projected through the keys, and the keys with the pins in them may be made and assembled as a separate unit which facilitates manufacturing thereof with accuracy.

It is therefore another object of the invention to provide a hone of the type referred to having cam followers and cams, and in which both the cam followers and the cams are readily removable for replacement after wear.

Other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the alt to which the invention appertains.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a longitudinal section view of a hone embodying the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken from the plane 2--2 of Fig. 1; the construction providing six honing or abrading stones; f

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2, but showing that the hone may have as few as two stones;

Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively top plan and side elevational views of a cam follower carrying key element of -Figs. 1 to 3;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view from the plane 6 of Fig. l showing a clamping washer or element; parts behind the section plane being'omitted to simplify the drawing;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to a part of Fig. l, illustrating a modification.

Referring to the drawing, there is shown at 1 a spindle body made from round bar stock, turned down to provide a long shank 2 at the right end, with threads 3 thereon, the turning down operation leaving a shoulder 4. By a similar turning down operation, a short shank 5 is provided at the left end leaving a shoulder 6 and the short shank is threaded at 7.

The long shank 2 lits at its end into a b'ore 8 in a head 9 and is secured therein by a transverse pin 10. The head 9 has a flange 11 at its inner end, and threads 12 on an intermediate portion. The head may be screwed into a threaded hole in the end of the spindle of aphone driving machine indicated at -13, and the flange may be pulled tight against the end of the spindle; whereby the hone spindle body 1 is rigidly mounted on the machine spindle 13 to be rotatably driven thereby, on a spindle axis.

The machine spindle 13 has a sleeve 14 reciprocable thereon as a .part of the machine to operate the hone as will be described.

Six' shallow longitudinal yparallel keywaYy-s Y air-slams? attheirh ends at the `shoulders 4 and `6, which facilitates "cutting them.

Six keys 16-16 all alike, one being shown separately in Figs. 'v-4and f5 tare :made-offrestan'gulr section'stock "of fa ,thi'cknes to :substantially tit 'in-the `leer/ways AT15 sand .areseated-in ttheakeywaysandafelong' enough tto vextend at both ends beyond the=-shoulders v4-a1.td='t;tand the fend-s :are iinishedroi atwan inclination "or fb'evel `as fshown at -17-.f18. A -nut :1'Y-9is screwed f on ihe fthiea'd x3 a and has ya concavely gconicalzacev las indicated att) against which the right ends of :thegkeys i516- abut.

likt-the Ileftfendj ia :clamping washer 2 1-having a aeentral perforation Z-Zzis ftel'escoped over zthefzshort :shank i5; :and gis of -di-shedfformkas n shown :and :,itszperiphery -aengagesthe left'xends-EIU fdhefkeys xd6. The iwasher -has-fperipheral tonguesv23frsee :1Fig.-6,-and l:.is'no-tativelytdisposed .-so z that eahstonguesengages the-Iendfoffavkey. :A lampingnut vMs"serewedxonthe thread f7 fandtthe Ykeys :16 :are thereby "clamped between :the -fconicalrsurface 20 -of :the nut 19 thickness-.that :the tongues while affording the 4vdesired -.elamp ing :pressure :will yield slightly -tresilientl-y and findividually under the clamping pressure to insure that-all -of th'e fkeysfwillzbetightly clamped.

.the engagement thereof lwiththe conical iface 20nof .the nut 19vand the=tonguesv;23 ,offth'e-washerz21,lthe2keys, when clamped as aforesaid, will all be uniformly .drawn inwardly; radially fand .tightly fseatedupon the Y bottoms of :at-herkeyways 15, 'and thereby-heldsupright `or radial in'the --keyways 'and held -from longitudinal shifting, withoutzthe necessity ofzproviding--a tightfitof-,thefsides of thetkeysin `the fkeyways.

On each key 16 fisaalongitudinal :,ser-ies o'fcarn yfol- .flowerrs sin vthe mature `juf projections extending ilateially lustrated, these cam followers are in the A:form-lofastraight v:round-spins '25-"25rp'rojec'ted :through-:and ydrivingly litting in corresponding holes in the .-key .andfp'rotrudirig from ,opposite sides thereof. y

V-Thepins -,25 are iso :disposed rin :the fkeyshat when the keys are in clamped position as described, aechfpin has fits` own `axis Ein a'fplan'e :at vrightvangles Vtothe ,axis of -the spindle body-andffatr`ight fanglesto -a `radius from gfdistant'from .the spindle-taxis; fJ-a'nd :the Jlongitudinalispacing of the pins from each other and from the end of the lkey say thefri'ghtze'nd fas iviewed) -isjtheasame for vall of `fthekeys.` v

Toe this .end, fit-het keys i116 awith their cam afollowerlepins -;25 are-,all made-l'separately, as illustra-tediin Figs: v"4 fa'n'd 5,

"foward the leffas vviewed,`and`b`y equalincrementsffor "allot" the "shoes" upon eo'u'al `longitudinal movemento'f "the shoes.

fsixabfdiag or ironing s stones .An elongated r,cup 31 is mounted reciuprocably in a corresponding coaxial bore in the left end of the spindle body 1. A screw 32 extends axially in the cup 31 and passes through a perforation in the cup bottom 33 and is threaded into a small coaxial threaded bore 34 in the spindle. A compression .spring 35 within the cup 31 surrounds the screw 32 and 'abuts'at its ends upon the cup bottom 33 and l'lllonia' he'ad.36y on` thescrew.

IThe `outer end of the cup 31 projects out of the spindle and "passes 4through "a perforation 37 in lawasher38, and "beyond the washer has Yallange 39 that overlaps'theperiphery of the perforation 37. The washer is circular and overlaps Ithe ends vlrdf L all .of the shoes l -2`6 sand alias a concavely conical face 40 engaging them.

The spring 35p'ushes on the cu'p31`and washer 38 and yieldingly pushes on the left ends of all of the shoes 26.

At the right hand end of the structure, a cup 41 of circulrtcross 'section-has: aecentral .perforationf421in3itsbotr.. IU

tom through which the shank 2aslidirrgly-extendsfrso.that the lfcupfvcan slide -:along the shank. he tskir-t 1 42 tof the -:.cup-'41:telescopestover 'the ends ofthe .-keys f16 Ito -guide zits 'sliding irnovement, :and :a :guide 'surface A144:-may tbe providedton eachofathe- :keys for the purpose.

`The= an'nula1 ,en`dL of the icup skirt 143 is concavelyzconical as at 45. The adjacent ends ofthe-:shoes Zt'abutzupon itlie'-.conicalesurface`45s of :the cup -and Yare iheld lin. yield- 'fal'ile zengagementwith it "by the'A spring .35v 'as'.afores'aid.

i-The zbottornfdtk of thefeup :41 abutsupon fa :thrust fball shearing *411'ho'usedtin'ashallow :cup 48having atc'up bottom 49, both surrounding theeshank 2 ,-and. s'lidabletlerealong, the cup rlfbortton1-49 normally engaging-.the flange i111.

'The 'opposite en'ds l vof athe :shoes c26 :are -bevelled Aas -at 50 and 51 to substantiallyztrupon the :conical surf-aces P40sandt45 described above; ;but preferablygthe -bevelfangle fof :thesef'ends 150 fand "251. is slightly more `,obtuse ',(with irespeet cto-[the tspindle taxis.) than :the-cone angles :of the surfaces^40`=and 45, as shown,:so".that Vactual ,contactfis iatfuthefendsl of the :shoe channel iwebs `2"l'27. lntsome eases,it may :be :desirable fo 'form vthefshoe ends fconical itomrercompletely eng/age the/.conical surfaces-40.and45.

'-By'the .foregoing means/the faction ofthe spring :35 Aenp'on the'fwasherS zholdsfthe shoes 226 toward theft-ight fas' viewedi'andl inspressure engagement be,tween-the;coni

cal surfaces 40 and 45 and exerts force on the opposite Uends'fof .fthe 'shoesyieldingly :holding the shoes inwardly radially :and holding the scam surfaces :29l against "=the ifcamafollowerzpins.525,' but :allowing the 'shoes' to :be-.moved outwardly-:radially when-the shoes I"are moved-longitudinally towai'dthe left:;(as';-will tbe described) Ibyithe carn- I:ming yaction `aforesaid; :and the spring 35 also -holds `the-.cupf'411 towardf the right and Eholds itsl fbottom' 146--upon '.the'tball'A bearing 47, and `'the ebearing- ,upon- 'the :dupV bottom #'49 and 4ther cup bottom a gainst-fthe flange-111.

fWhen lsgreferred' tosabovepthe vsleeve Ilrofi-thesdriving 'mchine .ffisitreciprocatedftoward eithefleftin: the operation fof thesmachinqdtfengages thecup' bottom 49;.andafmoves it f'towardthe 4:left 'and cornmunica'tes '-.the'movement through `the'fball Ybearingl .47 and :cup f41 to `theshotes l26 'imoying them toward 4the left `and carrying the Lwasher 38 with them-'against :the tension fof :thefspr-ing 'r-35,and thetcamfsurfaces'29:acting on :the-'cam follower pins 25 moveitheshoes outwardly radiallysin Zunison, .the endszof Vtitel-'shoesslidingionthe surfaces @Land-A5.

v"lretracts vthe shoes longitudinally eand :inwardlyaswill nowbeundersto'od yrmeans .'of'ftwonuts t24 and f19 at the opposite'ends `of 'the-"keys .16, `the longitudinalzposition of all ofzthefkey's, fand or" thepins therein may Y.be adjusted ias will be under- -fstood against by the clamping action of the other nut 24 and, where said adjustment by two nuts is not wanted, this arrangement may be preferred. g.

The invention makes possible a multi-stone Ahone of the maximum number of stones for the minimum diameter, limited only by the number of keyways that can be .as the keys 16 and shoes 26 made and stocked in quantity for the multi-stone type may be used in even a two stone type; and a two stone hone has therefore been shown in cross section only, in Fig. 3, as embodying the invention; and a comparison of Fig. 3 with Fig. 2 will make its construction apparent without further description, in view of some reference characters in Fig.'3 identifying like parts of Fig. 2.

Both the stone carrying shoes and the keys can be i readily removed for replacement in case of wear to renew not only the stones but also both the cams and cam followers.

Some of the details of the structure above described n may be changedor modified, as will occur to those skilled in the art and the invention is comprehensive of all such,

that come within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: Y

l. An expansible hone comprising an elongated spindle body; a plurality of longitudinal parallel keyways in the outer surface of the spindle body, spaced apart circumferentially; a key in each keyway seated on the keyf way bottom;va longitudinal series of cam followers projecting laterally from each key; means on the spindleY body operable to draw the said keys tightly upon the keyway bottoms to mount them `on the spindle body;

an elongated stone carrying shoe for each key, having a longitudinal series of cam surfaces respectively engaging the projecting cam followers of the key; spring actuated means yieldably holding the shoes toward the spindle body and holding thefcam surfaces in engagement with the cam followers; longitudinally reciprocable means carried by the spindle body engaged with the ends ofthe shoes and operable to'reciprocate the shoes longitudinally in unison to cause them to reciprocate radially by camming action of the cam surfaces and cam followers; the shoes formed to'be guided radially and longitudinally by the keys.

f 2. An expansible hone comprising an elongated spindle body; a plurality of longitudinal parallel keyways in the outer' surface of the spindle body, spaced circumferentially, and the bottoms of the keyways being equidistant radially from the spindle axis; a key in each Vkeyway having an edge seated on the keyway bottom;

longitudinally spaced cam followers projecting from the sides of the keys; the longitudinal spacing of the cam followers of each key being the same as that of the others; means on the spindle body engaging opposite ends of the keys, and operable to draw the said key edges tightly upon the. keyway bottoms; an elongated sheet metal-stone carrying shoefor .each key and having a longitudinal seriesof cam surfaces respectively engaging the projectingcam vfollowers of the key; spring actuated means yieldably holding the shoes toward the spindle axis and holding the cam surfaces in engage-` ment with the cam followers; longitudinally reciprocable means carried by the spindle .body engaged with all of the shoes and operable to move them longitudinally in unison to cause them to reciprocate radially by camming action of the cam surfaces and cam followers, and the shoes formed to be -guided longitudinally and radially by the keys.

3. An expansible hone comprising an elongated spindle body; a plurality of longitudinal parallel keyways in the outer surface of the spindle body, spaced circumferentially, and the bottoms of the keyways being equidistant radially from the spindle axis; a key in each keyway having an edge seated on the keyway bottom; cam followers projecting from opposite sides of the keys;

the cam followers of all of the keys being equidistant from the said key edge and the longitudinal spacing of `the cam followers of each key being the same as that actuated meansr yieldably holding the shoes toward the "spindle axis and holding the cam surfaces in engagement with the cam followers; longitudinally reciprocable ,means carried by the spindlel body engaging all of the shoes at one end to move them longitudinally in unison to cause them toreciprocate radially by camming action of the cam surfaces and cam followers.

4. The hone described in claim l and in which the cam followers .are in vthe form of pins extending intoV l holes in the key.

5. The hone described in claim 3 and in which the cam followers are in the form of pins extending' through holes in the key and` protruding from opposite sides of the key.

6. An expansible hone'comprising an elongated spindle body; a plurality of longitudinal parallel keyways in the outer surface of the spindle body, spaced circumferentially, and the bottoms of the keyways being planar and equidistant radially from the spindle axis; a key of rectangular cross section in each keyway having a planar edge seated on the keyway bottom; cam followers projecting from opposite sides of the keys; the cam followers of all of the keys being equidistant from the said key edge and the longitudinal spacing of the cam followers of each key being the same as that of the others; the opposite ends of the keys being oppositely bevelled; abutments on the spindle engaging the opposite ends of the keys; at least one of the abutments being operably movable to clamp all of the keys therebetween and by means of their bevelled ends, to draw the said key edge tightly upon the keyway bottoms to mount the keys on the spindle; an elongated sheet metal stone carrying shoe of channel form straddling each keyand guided thereby for radial and longitudinal movements and having a longitudinal series of cam surfaces on the channel flanges respectively engaging the projecting cam followers of the key; spring actuated means acting on theshoes yieldably References Cited in the le of this patent i UNITED STATES PATENTS 727,000 Shattuck May 5, 1903 1,095,643 King May 5, 1914 2,421,470 Sunnen June 3, 1947 2,663,124 SmoleV Dec. 22, 1953 De Veer s Aug. 17, 1954 

